Indepth analysis of the main elements of the new constitution abstract despite cautious liberalisation in a few limited areas, egypts new constitution of january 2014 does not represent a new democratic departure. This document was submitted to a referendum on june 23, 1956. The people of egypt possess at least three identities. The capital city of cairo lies at the apex of the delta in the lower left. Following the removal of then president mohamed morsi from office on july 3, egypts militarybacked government began a twophase process of creating a new constitution. Islam is the religion of the state, arabic is its official language, and the principles of islamic law are a primary source of legislation. Constitution amendment procedure unamendable provisions citizenship requirements for birthright citizenship citizenship restrictions on entry or exit from the state language official or national languages language protection of language use race and ethnicity obligation to transfer wealth toread more. Article 2 islam is the religion of the state and arabic its official language. In the 1971 constitution, the former president of egypt anwar elsadat added the article two that considered the principles of islamic sharia are the main source for legislation. The state guarantees to remove encroachments thereon. The goals of education are to build the egyptian character, preserve the national identity, root the scientific method of thinking, develop talents and promote innovation, establish cultural and spiritual values, and found the concepts of. Provisions of the constitution summarized preamble the new constitution is the first to be drafted in the name of the egyptian people. The constitution will take effect from the date on which the people approve the referendum. Egypt has been called the gift of the nile, because the nile flooded predictably and regularly depositing very rich, fertile soil.
Constitution arabic the arabic version of the egyptian constitution, including amendments made in 2005. Comparing egypts constitutions egyptians will soon vote in a referendum on a new constitution, their second in just over a year. The president is elected to a fouryear term and may serve 2 terms. Comparing three versions of the egyptian constitution. It was made up of 350 elected members and remained effective until 10 february 1958, when the egyptian syrian merger was given force and the 1956 constitution revoked.
It was proclaimed to update the democratic representative system in assertion of the rule of law, independence of the judiciary, and party plurality. The nile delta of egypt, irrigated by the nile river and its many distributaries, is some of the richest farm land in the world and home to over half of egypts population. Constitution of 2014 this is the unofficial translation of the constitution of egypt 2014, as published by the egyptian state information service sis website. During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Although widely referred to in english as the criminal procedure code the word for word literal translation of the arabic qanun usul almuhaakamaat aljizaiyya is principles of penal jazaiyya trials muhaakamaat the original translated text of the criminal procedure code 23 of 1971 was taken from the pdf file incorporating. History of the egyptian constitution metadata this file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Bahgat summed up his take on the constitutions latest draft by saying that if deposed president hosni mubarak had agreed to reform the egyptian system slightly, this is the sort of system he. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. To the west of the river and near the delta apex one can see the three large pyramids and sphinx. Constitution of the arab republic of egypt part i the state article 1 1 the arab republic of egypt is a democratic state based on citizenship. And after taking into account article 183 of the constitution of the arab republic of egypt. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt after. They speak a dialect of arabic, either the colloquial arabic of cairo and the nile delta or that of upper egypt, or what they call allahga al. It was replaced by the constitution of 1930 for a 5year period 19301935 before being restored in 1935.
Indian constitution complete ebook free download pdf. It was proclaimed to update the democratic representative system in assertion of the rule of law, independence. They carry egyptian identity cards or passports and usually introduce themselves to new acquaintances as egyptians. Series of amendments to egypts 1971 constitution, in which the. Tracking egypts islamic identity in the constitution al. September 1971 and promulgated by the president on the same day.
The constitution of 1923 was a constitution of egypt from 19231952. We, the people of egypt, who have been toiling on this glorious land since the dawn of history and civilization, we the people working in egypts villages, fields, cities, factories, centers of education and industry in any field of work which contributes to the creation of life on its soil or plays a part in the honor of defending this land. In order to understand and appreciate the constitution, it is necessary to glance at the constitutional development during the british rule in india. Egyptian constitutional tradition, the history of egyptian feminist activism and in. Egypts government services portal laws and constitution. Apr, 2015 at the beginning, before the fall of autocrat hosni mubaraks regime there had had the old constitution was adopted in 1971 and modified later in 1980. That idea is already part of the 1971 constitution, which declares islam to be the religion of the state and sharia the source of legislation. The scaf furthermore installed a body of legal experts to amend the articles regulating presidential elections of the 1971 constitution lang, 20. The state shall guarantee equality of opportunity to all citizens.
Egypts new constitution was adopted on december 22, 2012 amid intense political tensions and deep rifts between islamists and liberal forces. Succeeded by the constitution of egypt of 2012 the constitution of egypt of 1971 was the supreme law of the arab republic of egypt. The 1923 egyptian constitution linkedin slideshare. The provisional constitution of the arab republic of egypt was formulated in march 1958, and a joint national assembly was established. Constitution of the arab republic of egypt refworld. History of the egyptian constitution metadata this file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or. Indian constitution complete ebook free download pdf it was, to a great extent, influenced by the government of india act of 1935 that was passed by the british parliament. The supreme council of the armed forces will continue directly with its limited responsibilities following this announcement, until a time at which the peoples assembly and the shura council assume their responsibilities and the president. Several articles include a stronger emphasis on religion than the 1971 constitution but its character is largely secular. Mar, 2012 the muslim brotherhoods freedom and justice party fjp denies that this is the case, pointing out that it wants the constitution to embody the idea of a civic state with an islamist reference. It adopted the parliamentary representative system based on separation of and cooperation among authorities.
Constitution of the arab republic of egypt part one the state article 1. Translations of modern egypts constitutions digitalcommons. Nov 14, 2012 bahgat summed up his take on the constitutions latest draft by saying that if deposed president hosni mubarak had agreed to reform the egyptian system slightly, this is the sort of system he. Blessed with a unique location and history, the arab nation of egypt is the heart of. This document has been recompiled and reformatted using texts collected in international ideas constitutionnet. With its history of five thousand years, egypt is considered as the first modern. Africa egypt the world factbook central intelligence. The egyptian judiciary shall carry out its mission in defending the constitution, upholding justice and protecting rights and freedoms. The egyptian government has played a major role in creating and maintaining a religiously intolerant environment in egypt that is hostile to nonmuslims and any muslims who deviate from. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt, 1971 as. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt was the former constitution of egypt.
It replaced the constitution of 1956 and was replaced by the constitution of 1971. The constitution adopted in 2014, like the constitution drafted under morsi, is based on the egyptian constitution of 1971. Media in category egyptian constitution of 1923 the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Constitution of egypt of 19712011feb26 wikisource, the. The constitution of 1879 was the constitution of egypt from 1879 to 1882. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt after the. Religious freedom in egypt the heritage foundation. Seven upholding national unity is an obligation of state and society, for it is the cornerstone of building a modern egypt and the path to progress and development. Oct 04, 2019 replaced the constitution of egypt of 1963. It was signed into law by president mohamed morsi on 26 december 2012, after it was approved by the constituent assembly on 30 november 2012 and passed in a referendum held 1522 december 2012 with 64% support, and a turnout of 33%.
Constitution of egypt of 1971 wikisource, the free online. It was accepted by the electorate and is now the law of the land. Comparing three versions of the egyptian constitution select a topic to highlight. The constitution was adopted by a referendum on 11. Draft dated 30 november 2012 of the constitution of the arab republic of egypt. Issues the constitution of the arab republic of egypt in the attached text. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt was the former fundamental law of egypt. The constitution of 1963 was the provisional constitution of egypt from 1964 to 1971. And the egyptian people bypassing claim to evacuate and theconstitution, until the british occupiers hadto cancel protection and issuing a statementon february 28 1922 and the contents ofstarting of a new era under the constitution. Work for governance, the new egyptian constitution will have a lasting effect. Constitution of the arab republic of egypt 1971 we, the people. The 2014 egyptian constitution zurich open repository and archive. It was adopted on 11 september 1971 through a public referendum. Constitution 2005 the english translation of the egyptian constitution, including amendments made in 2005.
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